The newly uncovered XKeyscore may be the program former NSA employee and whistleblower Edward Snowden referenced in his high-profile series of. Jul 1, 2015 - The NSA's XKEYSCORE program, first revealed by The Guardian, sweeps up countless people's Internet searches, emails, documents,.

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. XKeyscore ( XKEYSCORE or XKS) is a formerly secret computer system first used by the United States for searching and analyzing global Internet data, which it collects on a daily basis. The program has been shared with other spy agencies including the, Canada's, New Zealand's, Britain's, Japan's and the German. The program's purpose was publicly revealed in July 2013, by in and newspapers. The code name was already public knowledge because it is mentioned in earlier articles, and like many other code names can also be seen in job postings, and in the online resumes of employees. On July 3, 2014, excerpts of XKeyscore's source code were first published by German, a member of.

A team of experts analyzed the source code. XKeyscore is a complicated system, and various authors have different interpretations of its actual capabilities. And explained XKeyscore as being a system which enables almost unlimited of anyone anywhere in the world, while the NSA has said that usage of the system is limited and restricted. According to and national security reporter, XKeyscore is an NSA data-retrieval system which consists of a series of user interfaces, servers and software that selects certain types of data and metadata that the NSA has already collected using other methods. According to Snowden and Greenwald On January 26, 2014, the German broadcaster asked Edward Snowden in its TV interview: 'What could you do if you would use XKeyscore?'

And he answered: You could read anyone's email in the world, anybody you've got an email address for. Any website: You can watch traffic to and from it. Any computer that an individual sits at: You can watch it.

Any laptop that you're tracking: you can follow it as it moves from place to place throughout the world. It's a one-stop-shop for access to the NSA's information. You can tag individuals. Let's say you work at a major German corporation and I want access to that network, I can track your username on a website on a form somewhere, I can track your real name, I can track associations with your friends and I can build what's called a fingerprint, which is network activity unique to you, which means anywhere you go in the world, anywhere you try to sort of hide your online presence, your identity. According to The Guardian 's, low-level NSA analysts can, via systems like XKeyscore, 'listen to whatever emails they want, whatever telephone calls, browsing histories, Microsoft Word documents. And it's all done with no need to go to a court, with no need to even get supervisor approval on the part of the analyst.' He added that the NSA's databank of collected communications allows its analysts to listen 'to the calls or read the emails of everything that the NSA has stored, or look at the browsing histories or Google search terms that you've entered, and it also alerts them to any further activity that people connected to that email address or that IP address do in the future'.

According to the NSA. Further information: In an official statement from July 30, 2013, the NSA said 'XKeyscore is used as a part of NSA's lawful foreign collection system.' To legally obtain information about 'legitimate foreign intelligence targets in response to requirements that our leaders need for information necessary to protect our nation and its interests. To collect the information, that enables us to perform our missions successfully – to defend the nation and to protect U.S. And allied troops abroad.'

In terms of access, an NSA press statement reads that there is no 'unchecked analyst access to NSA collection data. Access to XKeyscore, as well as all of NSA's analytic tools, is limited to only those personnel who require access for their assigned tasks.' And that there are '.stringent oversight and compliance mechanisms built in at several levels. One feature is the system's ability to limit what an analyst can do with a tool, based on the source of the collection and each analyst's defined responsibilities.' Workings. Slide from a 2008 NSA presentation about XKeyscore, showing the query hierarchy.

According to an NSA slide presentation about XKeyscore from 2013, it is a ' Exploitation System/Analytic Framework'. DNI stands for Digital Network Intelligence, which means intelligence derived from internet traffic. Edward Snowden said about XKeyscore: 'It's a front end search engine' in an interview with the German. XKeyscore is considered a 'passive' program, in that it listens, but does not transmit anything on the networks that it targets. But it can trigger other systems, which perform 'active' attacks through which are 'tipping', for example, the QUANTUM family of programs, including QUANTUMINSERT, QUANTUMHAND, QUANTUMTHEORY, QUANTUMBOT and QUANTUMCOPPER. These run at so-called 'defensive sites' including the in Germany, in Japan, and numerous military and non-military locations within the US. Trafficthief, a core program of Turbulence, can alert NSA analysts when their targets communicate, and trigger other software programs, so select data is 'promoted' from the local XKeyscore data store to the NSA's 'corporate repositories' for long term storage.

Data sources XKeyscore consists of over 700 servers at approximately 150 sites where the NSA collects data, like 'US and allied military and other facilities as well as US embassies and consulates' in many countries around the world. Among the facilities involved in the program are four bases in and one in. Slide from a 2008 NSA presentation about XKeyscore, showing the differences between the various NSA database systems For analysts, XKeyscore provides a 'series of viewers for common data types', which allows them to query terabytes of raw data gathered at the aforementioned collection sites. This enables them to find targets that cannot be found by searching only the metadata, and also to do this against data sets that otherwise would have been dropped by the front-end data processing systems. According to a slide from an XKeyscore presentation, NSA collection sites select and forward less than 5% of the internet traffic to the database for internet content. Because XKeyscore holds raw and unselected communications traffic, analysts can not only perform queries using 'strong selectors' like e-mail addresses, but also using 'soft selectors', like keywords, against the body texts of e-mail and chat messages and digital documents and spreadsheets in English, Arabic and Chinese.

This is useful because 'a large amount of time spent on the web is performing actions that are anonymous' and therefore those activities can't be found by just looking for e-mail addresses of a target. When content has been found, the analyst might be able to find new intelligence or a strong selector, which can then be used for starting a traditional search. Besides using soft selectors, analysts can also use the following other XKeyscore capabilities:. Look for the usage of and terms entered into a search engine by known targets looking for suspicious things or places.

Look for 'anomalies' without any specific person attached, like detecting the nationality of foreigners by analyzing the language used within intercepted emails. An example would be a German speaker in Pakistan. The Brazilian paper O Globo claims that this has been applied to Latin America and specifically to Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico and Venezuela. Detect people who use encryption by doing searches like 'all usage in Iran'. The caveat given is that very broad queries can result in too much data to transmit back to the analyst. Showing the usage of (VPNs) and machines that can potentially be via.

Track the source and authorship of a document that has passed through many hands. On July 3, 2014 revealed that XKeyscore is used to closely monitor users of the, people who search for privacy-enhancing software on the web, and readers of.

The Guardian opined in 2013 that most of these things cannot be detected by other NSA tools, because they operate with strong selectors (like e-mail and IP addresses and phone numbers) and the raw data volumes are too high to be forwarded to other NSA databases. In 2008, NSA planned to add a number of new capabilities in the future, like, more networking protocols , tags, which often include data. Contribution to U.S.

Security The NSA slides published in The Guardian during 2013 claimed that XKeyscore had played a role in capturing 300 terrorists by 2008, which could not be substantiated as the redacted documents do not cite instances of terrorist interventions. A 2011 report from the NSA unit in the (close to in Germany) said that XKeyscore made it easier and more efficient to target surveillance. Previously, analysis often accessed data NSA was not interested in. XKeyscore allowed them to focus on the intended topics, while ignoring unrelated data. XKeyscore also proved to be outstanding for tracking active groups associated with the movement in Germany, because it allows for searching on patterns, rather than particular individuals. An analyst is able to determine when targets research new topics, or develop new behaviors.

To create additional motivation, the NSA incorporated various features. For instance, analysts who were especially good at using XKeyscore could acquire 'skilz' points and 'unlock achievements.' The training units in Griesheim were apparently successful and analysts there had achieved the 'highest average of skilz points' compared with all other NSA departments participating in the training program. Usage by foreign partners of the NSA Germany. Excerpt of an NSA document leaked by that reveals the 's usage of the NSA's XKeyscore to wiretap a German domestic target. According to documents acquired from Snowden, the German intelligence agencies (foreign intelligence) and (domestic intelligence) were also allowed to use the XKeyscore system.

In those documents the BND agency was described as the NSA's most prolific partner in information gathering. This led to political confrontations, after which the directors of the German intelligence agencies briefed members of the German parliamentary intelligence oversight committee on July 25, 2013.

They declared that XKeyscore has been used by the BND since 2007 and that the BfV has been using a test version since 2012. The directors also explained that the program is not for collecting data, but rather only for the analysis of collected data. Sweden As part of the, a secret treaty was signed in 1954 by Sweden with the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand (called the ) for the purpose of intelligence collaboration and data sharing.

According to documents leaked by Snowden, the (FRA) has been granted access to XKeyscore. Japan The classified documents leaked by Snowden also indicate that in April 2013, NSA had secretly provided the XKeyscore system to the. Life is beautiful 1997 full movie. Gallery.